Ibiciro vyo gusubiramwo ESL n'Ibikorwa vy'Iyerekanwa

Intambamyi y'ishimikiro

Ivyandiko vy’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none bikora bifise inzitizi z’umubiri ata n’umwe yoshobora gupfukiranya:ibice vy’umuyagankuba bica mu mazi afatanye, kandi amazi afatanye arananirwa kwinyiganza. Nta n’ivugurura rya porogarama rizokosora ivyo.

Igipimo co gusubiramwo ca ESL-mu bisanzwe300ms gushika kuri 2000msku bijanye n'ivugurura ry'ibarabara ryose-risohoka ataco rihinduye kuva mu gihe gikenewe kugira ngo ibice vy'umuyagankuba n'umuyagankuba w'umuyagankuba bishobore kwimuka biciye mu gikoresho c'umuyagankuba munsi y'umuyagankuba ukoreshwa. Ivyo bihimba bihura n’inguvu zikurura (Stokes arakurura, nimba ushaka ijambo ry’ubuhinga, imibare iri inyuma yaryo irafise akamaro gatoyi kuruta ingaruka ngirakamaro: utugingo ngengabuzima turagenda buhoro mu mazi manini). Bikorana n’ibintu bimwebimwe bikikije mu buryo bw’umuyagankuba. Bifatanya n’inkuta z’ibipande inyuma y’aho biruhukiye igihe kirekire.

Buri milisegonda y’igihe co gusubiramwo yerekana ibintu vy’ukuri vy’urugero rw’ibihimba-bibera imbere mu miliyoni z’ibihimba bitobito icarimwe. Abava mu rwego rwa LCD canke OLED bakwiye guheba iyo nzira yo mu mutwe burundu. Ivyo si ibimenyetso "bipima" ama pixels n'ama electrons. Ivyo ni ubuhinga bw’amashanyarazi buhindura ibintu mu buryo bw’umubiri.

Gutwara imipfunda: Aho ubuhinga buhura n'ubuhinga bw'umuyagankuba

Mugutwara umuvudukoni ho utwigoro two gutuma ibintu bigenda neza twibanda cane. Ni urutonde rw'igihe rw'umuriro-rutegerezwa gushitsa intumbero zine icarimwe: gukuraho ishusho ya kera, gukoresha ibice bigenda bigenda, gushinga urugero rw'ibara ry'umuhondo, no kwandika ishusho nshasha-vyose mu gihe ugabanya ubushobozi bukoreshwa n'ibikoresho vyose.

Gukurahoni co kiza imbere. Ico kigaragaza kijana ama pixels yose mu buryo bumwe, akenshi ari umweru. Kubera iki wokwiruhira? Kuko ibice vya EPD vyerekana inyifato iva ku nzira-. Pixel iva ku mwirabura ikaja ku mvi ikurikira inzira itandukanye n’iyiva ku mweru ikaja ku mvi. Ivyo vyagaragaye mu gihe c’ugushirwaho kwa mbere igihe abakiriya bidoga ku bijanye n’uguhindura kw’ibara ry’umuhondo kudahuye. Gukuraho bihatira ama pixels yose gushika ku ntangiriro imwe, bikakuraho ukuvyifatamwo neza mu ntango.

Gukoraikurikira-incuro nyinshi-ihinduka ry'umuriro (±15V kuri 50-100Hz) rizunguruka ibice hagati y'ibirengeye urugero vy'amaso. Ivyo bica bihungabanya ibice vy’umubiri vyari vyarateye imbere. Ibintu vyagumye bihagaze biratera imbere mu kwifatanya n’inkuta z’ibipande n’ibintu bihegereye. Igerageza ryerekana igihe ciza co gukora mu gusuzuma aho umuco-ugereranijwe n’igihe -uhinduka-igihe nyaco igihe ukugenda kw’ibice bishika ku ntumbero nziza cane. Genda mugufi kandi ibice vy’ubunebwe bisigara inyuma. Genda kure ububasha bube ubusa.

Hanyuma haza .Ishingiro ry'urugero rw'imvi. Ivyo bigaragaza bituma haba ikintu kimwe c’umweru kubera ko ukuri kw’ibara ry’umuhondo rya EPD kuva cane ku gutangura uhereye ku murongo w’ishimikiro w’amaso uzwi. Ikizwi, kwinjiza igihe gitoyi c'umuriro zero-inyuma y'iki gice bituma habaho uguhuza kw'ibara ry'imvi gukurikira. Ivyo bihimba bikeneye umwanya kugira ngo bihagarare imbere y’uko bisabwa gutera ahantu nyaho hagati.

Amaherezo,kwandika ishusho. Pixel-inguvu z'umuriro n'igihe zitwara ibice ku bibanza vy'intumbero. 16-level grayscale isaba kugenzura neza ukuntu ibice bigabanywa mu buryo buhagaze muri buri microcapsule-ibice biri hejuru bitanga umweru, hasi bitanga umwirabura, kandi ibibanza vyo hagati bitanga imvi.

Gusunika ku 300ms

Ni gute mu vy’ukuri ubuhinga bwa ESL bushobora kwihuta? Uguhindura neza uburyo bw'umuvuduko w'amazi vyerekanye180ms kugabanyamu gihe c'igice co gukora na120ms kugabanyamu rwego rw’ibara ry’imvi. Ivyo vyiza biva ku buhinga bwinshi bwatunganijwe mu gihe c’ingendo nyinshi zo gukoresha.

Isesengura ry'inzira y'uguhindukaishobora gukurikirana inyishu y'amaso y'igihe nyaco-aho gukoresha ibihe vy'ugukora bihoraho.Kugabanya guhindura uburinganireibibazo kuko guhindura polarite y'umuriro bitera ivyuma vy'ubu kandi bitakaza inguvu-ibikorwa vyo gukurikiranya kugira ngo ivyo bihinduka bigabanuke. KandiIngamba zo kwinjiza ibihe vya 0Vikoresha inguvu z’ibice, igatuma haba ugukomeza kwimuka ata nguvu zikoreshwa.

Ivyiyumviro bikeyi vy'ibikoresho vya EPD vy'ubu-bisa n'ibigereranywa n'200mskubera uburyo bwemewe bw’ishusho. Hariho amapaneli yasunikiwe ku 180ms mu bihe bigenzurwa, ariko ugusenyuka kw’uburyo kuragaragara. Kugira ngo umuntu ashobore guca iyo nzitizi, bizoba ngombwa ko akora ibikoresho bishasha, atari ubukerebutsi bwo gukoresha imipfunda.

Uburyo bwo gusubiramwo: Umuvuduko-Uburyo-Ikibazo c'Imizimu

Igihe cose ESL isubiramwo, irimwo uguhuza kw'inzira zitatu-kudashobora guhunga. Nta buhinga bwo kubihunga; umuntu ashobora guhitamwo gusa ivyo gusenyera ku mugozi umwe yokwemera. Ubumenyi bwo gukoresha mu bibanza vy’ubudandaji bw’ibifungurwa, ivy’ubuhinga bwa none, no mu bibanza vy’ubudandaji bw’imiti bwatumye habaho imyanzuro ikomeye ku bijanye n’igihe co gukoresha uburyo bumwe bumwe.

Gusubiramwo kw'isi yose (Uburyo bwa GC16)

Iyi ni yo nzira yuzuye-750-2000msy'umwirabura-umweru-umwirabura ukayangana uhatira igice cose guca mu nzira z'ukwimuka zishitse. Bisa n’ibitangaje, abakiriya rimwe na rimwe barabaza nimba ibimenyetso bikora nabi, ariko ni bwo buryo bwonyene bukuraho amakosa y’aho umuntu ahagaze yirundanijwe.

Gusubiramwo kw'isi yose ni ngombwa inyuma y'urutonde rw'ugusubiramwo kw'ibice, igihe ugaragaza amashusho y'ubudahemuka bwinshi-, canke igihe uguhindura ibiremwa vy'impwemu vyacitse ikintu kidashobora kuboneka. Uruhererekane rumwe rw'ibifungurwa mu ntango rwarwanye "uguca ibibatsi" maze rugerageza gukoresha ivyagezwe vy'ibice bimwe bimwe. Haciye indwi zitatu, amakete yabo yo kwamamaza yari hafi gusomwa. Ubu barakora global refresh ijoro ryose mu masaha y’ifunguro.

Gusubiramwo igice

Gusubiramwo igice gihindura gusa ama pixels atandukanye hagati y'amafoto, biheza muri 2019.250-500ms. Igihe co kuzigama ni kinini-ingero zigaragaza70% kugabanya ubushoboziku bivuguruwe vy'igiciro-ariko hariho uguhinduranya.

Pixels zitahindutse ntizironka umuriro wo gutwara. Buhorobuhoro, utugingo ngengabuzima twavyo turagenda tuguma tugira imiterere iguma ihagaze neza. Gushikama bivuga neza gushika umuntu abonye ko gushikama navyo bisobanura kutagenda. Inyuma y’ingendo 5-10 zo gusubiramwo igice, ibintu vy’ibinyoma biraboneka. Ico kigereranyo kiratandukanye n’uwugikora; hariho amapaneli yihanganira inzinguzingu 15, ayandi yerekana ingorane inyuma ya 6. Uburyo bumwe rudende bwo kwizigirwa ni ugutoza indero mu bihe bitandukanye kw’isi yose.

Gusubiramwo vuba (Uburyo bwa DU)

Uburyo bwo kuvugurura butaziguyen’ubushobozi bwo gukora grayscale bwose. Pixel yose ni ibibiri-umwirabura canke umweru, ntaco kiri hagati. Ivyo bishoboza120-250mn'umuco umwe, ariko imirongo y'ivyanditswe isa n'iyindi kandi amashusho ntaco akora.

Kugiciro-gusa ibikorwa vya ESL vyerekana inyuguti z'imibare, uburyo bwa DU akenshi bugereranya ahantu heza. Igerageza ry'uruhande-ku-uruhande mw'iduka ry'ibikoresho vy'ubuhinga bwa none ryerekanye ko abaguzi badashobora gutandukanya ibiciro vya DU-vyahinduwe n'ibiciro vya GC16 ku ntambwe zisanzwe zo kuraba. Ivyo kuzigama amashanyarazi vyari vyinshi cane.

A2 Uburyo bw'ibinyabuzima

Kuri80-120ms, uburyo bwa A2 bwegera videwo-ibipimo vyo gusubiramwo bishobora. Yakoreshejwe mu kwerekana ibicuruzwa no mu bikorwa vy’ibibanza vy’ubudandaji.

Ariko ivyo bivako birakomeye cane. Ivy’impwemu birarundanywa ningoga. Ubutandukane buragabanuka. Ibintu vyiza cane birazimangana inyuma y’ingendo nkeyi. Umukiriya umwe yashaka ibirimwo ivy'ugutangaza bifise ubuzima ku bimenyetso-bishoboka mu buryo bw'ubuhinga na A2, ariko ukuntu ishusho yasenyutse inyuma y'amasegonda 30 vyatumye bidashoboka. Ubu buryo burahari ku bijanye n’ugushiramwo ikaramu n’ivyerekanwa bigufi, si ugukoresha ESL.

Guhitamwo uburyo bwiza

Ni gute wotora? Mu vy’ukuri, ubwoko bw’ibirimwo ni bwo akenshi bugufata ingingo. Amashusho y’amafoto asaba GC16; imibare y'igiciro ishobora gukoresha DU. Incuro zivugururwa zihindura uburinganire-ivugurura ridakunda gukunda uburyo, ivugurura kenshi rikunda umuvuduko. Kandi utitaye ku buryo bwa mbere, ugusubiramwo kw’isi yose bitegerezwa kuba mu bihe vyategekanijwe. Nta guhunga ingorane y’ukwirundanira kw’ibiremwa vy’impwemu.

Erekana imirongo y'ibikorwa

Igipimo c'ubudasa

EPD ubudasa bw'imigereranyo mu bisanzwe kuva kuri8:1 gushika kuri 15:15., n'ibipande vy'agaciro bishika ku20:1. Kugereranya n'ibisobanuro vya LCD (1000:1+) birazimiza.

EPD ubudasa bupimwa n'umuco wo mu bidukikije-ivyo vy'ukuri aho abakiriya basoma ibimenyetso vy'ibitanda. LCD contrast irasenyuka iyo hari umuco mwinshi wo mu bidukikije; EPD itandukaniro riratera imbere. Ingero z’ugusoma kwa ESL mu bidukikije vy’amaduka bifise 800+ lux umuco wo hejuru yerekana amashusho ya LCD ari hafi yayozwe burundu.

Ivyo bikoresho bipima amabara bikeneye ahantu hafi6:1 gutandukanyakugira usome neza-twagerageje ibi ku bigereranyo vyinshi vy'ibipimo. ESL yose y’ubudandaji twapimye irakuraho iyo bar mu buryo bworoshe, ivyo bisigura ko ama scanners ya laser ashobora gusoma barcodes ataco akora ku kigaragaza c’ubuhinga bwa none ata ngorane.

Igisubizo n'uburemere bwa pixel

ESL uburemere bw'ibipimo (100-150) yerekana uguhitamwo kw’ubuhinga n’ibigirankana, atari uguhitamwo kw’ubuhinga. Igishushanyo kinini gisaba ama pixels menshi, imwe yose isaba gutwara umuntu ku giti ciwe-kwongera igihe co gusubiramwo, gukoresha ubushobozi, n'igiciro c'ibice.

Hari abaguzi basavye 200+ DPI yerekanwa. Iyo babajijwe ivyerekeye urugendo rwo kuraba, inyishu yama ari hejuru ya 50cm. Kuri iyo ntambwe, 100 DPI itanga ugusoma guhagije kw’ivyanditswe. Gusobanura cane-umuti bitakaza ubutunzi ata nyungu iboneka.

Ubushobozi bw'ibara

Igishushanyo c'umwirabura-na-umweru ESLiguma ari ifarasi y’akazi: gusubiramwo vyihuta (300ms), ubushobozi buke, ukwizigirwa gukomeye. Ifata neza 90% vy’ibikorwa vy’iyerekanwa ry’igiciro.

Uburyo bw'amabara ane-gukoresha ubuhinga bwa E Ink Spectra 3100 bishoboza kwerekana icarimwe umwirabura/umweru/umutuku/umuhondo. Ni ngirakamaro ku mabara y'inyuguti yihariye, ariko ibihe vyo gusubiramwo biragenda birakura.

Ivyumba vy'amabara yuzuye-gukoresha ubuhinga bwa ACeP Gallery birashobora gutanga amashusho y’amafoto. Igishushanyo c'umuhondo-magenta-umuhondo-umweru ni ikintu gitangaje vy'ukuri-amafoto y'ibintu yerekanwa kuri ivyo bipande akenshi vyiyumvirwa ko acapwe. Ariko1500ms+ igihe co gusubiramwokandi ibiciro vyinshi cane bigabanya ugukoresha ku bibazo vy’ikoreshwa ry’agaciro aho ingaruka z’amaso zituma amafaranga akoreshwa.

Ku bijanye n’ibara, ikibazo cama ari nimba agaciro k’amakuru k’inyongera gatuma umuntu ashobora gutera kugira ngo asubire gusubiramwo umwanya, ububasha, n’igiciro c’ikintu. Incuro icenda kw’icumi, ibara rimwe ni ryo rikora.

Ghosting: Igikoresho gikomeye

Gutera imizimu si akaga ko gukurwaho. Ni ikintu kiranga ubuhinga bw’amashanyarazi busaba uburongozi.Umuntu wese asezerana ghost{0}}free EPD performance aba ariko araserukira nabi ubuhinga canke agurisha amapaneli asubirana buhoro buhoro bihagije kugira ngo ahishe ingorane.

Aho Ugutera Impwemu Kuva

Hari uburyo butatu bufasha.Ukwimuka kw'ibice bitatunganye-ibice bitashobora gushika aho biteguwe kubera igihe co gutwara canke umuriro udahagije.Ugusangira amafaranga asigaye-ukwirundanira kw'imishahara itaringaniye ku mpome z'ibipande bigira ico bikoze ku nzira y'ibice bikurikira. Kandiukwifatanya kw'ibice-ibice vyagumye bihagaze bitera imbere vyiyongera kwifatanya n'ibindi.

Igihe kinini caramaze kigaragaza inyifato y’ibinyoma mu bahinga batandukanye b’ibipande. Ivyo bihinduka birahambaye cane; hariho amapaneli agaragara inyuma y'ivugurura ry'ibice 5 mu gihe ayandi yihanganira 12-15.

Ibidukikije nivyo bituma bikomera cane

Ubushuhebirahambaye cane. Ivyuma bifatanya n’ibindi binyabuzima biraduga iyo ubushuhe buri hasi, bikabuza inyigisho y’ibinyabuzima kandi bikagira n’ugutera imbere kw’ibinyabuzima. Below 10℃, ibihe vyo gusubiramwo bikeneye kwongerwa canke ibintu bibonetse bitegerezwa kwemerwa. Munsi ya 0℃, ibipande bisanzwe bihinduka ingorane-ibigaragazwa bitasomwa neza vyabonetse mu bikoresho vy'amafiriji hakoreshejwe ibipande bitagenewe gukoreshwa mu bukonje.

Inguvu za bateribiragira ico bikoze ku vyo gutera imizimu na vyo nyene. Bateri ziheze zitanga umuyagankuba ugabanutse, bituma habaho ukwimuka kw'ibice bidatunganye. Umukiriya umwe wo mu farumasi yarashikiwe n’ingorane ziteye amayobera z’ibinyoma vyaciye bihinduka amabateri adakora mu mugwi w’ibimenyetso. Sisitemu za ESL zikwiye gushiramwo uburyo bwo kumenya bateri iri hasi-n'imburi zo kwirinda gusanasana.

Gusubiramwo amatekaakoranya vyose. Pixel isubiramwo yerekana ibirimwo bimwe iratera imbere mu gutunganya ibice bigumaho. Ibirimwo bihoraho vyihuta kuruta ibirimwo bihinduka-bihushanye n'ubwenge gushika uburyo bwo kwifatanya butahuwe.

Gucungera Imizimu mu bikorwa

Gusubiramwo kw'isi yoseni co kiguma ari co kintu nyamukuru co kugabanya ububabare. Impanuro isanzwe ni ugusubiramwo igicapo cose-inyuma y'ivugurura ry'ibice 5-10, naho igihe ciza gihinduka bivanye n'imiterere y'ibarabara n'imiterere.

Ubushuhe-imbonerahamwe zo kuronderagufasha mu bidukikije bihinduka. Ivyerekeye gutwara imodoka bibitswe mu LUTs zigaragazwa n’ubushuhe bica bituma igihe c’umuvuduko c’umuvuduko kigumaho ku bushuhe buke. Ingero zirerekana40% kugabanya ibiremwa vy'impwemugukoresha neza-ubushuhe butunganijwe n'ibipimo bihoraho.

Ingurane y'amatekani vyiza cane-guhindura imirongo y'umuvuduko w'ubu ishingiye ku mateka y'ugusubiramwo urugero rwa pixel-kugira ngo ushireho ivy'ugushira ahabona. Si abagenzuzi bose ba ESL bashigikira ivyo, ariko biratuma habaho itandukaniro rigereranywa ku bipande vyamaze amezi bikoreshwa.

Igishushanyo c'ibirimwon’ibintu na vyo nyene. Inyuma y’ibintu vyera n’ivyanditswe vyirabura bituma habaho ibintu bitari vyinshi biboneka kuruta amabara ahinduka. Ivyitegererezo vya ESL bikwiye gutegurwa bifise ibiranga ivy'ibinyoma mu muzirikanyi-kwirinda uturere tunini tw'umwirabura tuzogira ibinyoma bigaragara, guhitamwo ivy'inyuma vyera.

Sisitemu-Urugero rwo gusubiramwo ibikorwa

Igihe co gusubiramwo ESL ku giti cawe ni igice kimwe gusa c’igihe co gusubiramwo sisitemu. Ku bijanye n’ugushiraho ibihumbi vy’ibimenyetso, ubuhinga bwo gukora urubuga buraganza igihe cose co guhindura. Bamwe mu bakiriya barakunda cane ivyiza biva ku 50ms mu gihe birengagiza ingorane z’urubuga zongera amasegonda 30 ku nzira zabo zo gusubiramwo.

Amasezerano y'itumanaho

Ubuhinga bwa RF buto bwa 1GHzgutanga ahantu heza ho gupfuka n’ugushika mu nyubakwa. Irembo-ku-ibara ry'itumanaho ry'ibara rirenze metero 25, ivyo bikaba bihambaye mu bidukikije vy'ubudandaji vy'ibirenge binini-. Uburebure bw'umurongo burabuza ubushobozi bwo guhindura icarimwe, ariko ku mice isanzwe y'ubudandaji ivyo ntibikunda kuba ikintu gitera ingorane.

Inguvu nke za Bluetooth na PAwR(Itangazo ry’Ibihe n’Inyishu, ryongewe muri BLE 5.4) rituma habaho ubutumwa buhuye n’inzira zibiri n’ibikoresho vyinshi. Igikoresho kimwe co gushikako gishobora gutorera umuti32.640 vy'ibimenyetso-Imigwi 128 incuro 255 ku matsinda. Igihe co kwamamaza gica mu bihe bitandukanye ni co kigena igihe sisitemu ishobora guhagarara; ibihe bigufi bitanga inyishu yihuta ku giciro kinini c’ububasha. Uburyo bwa BLE bwashizweho n’ibihe vy’isegonda 1 ku bikorwa bifata umwanya n’ibihe vy’isegonda 10 ku guhindura ibiciro bimenyerewe.

Urusobe rw'urubugaikurikira urugero rw’inyenyeri rufise amarembo ari hagati. Irembo ryose ripfutse akarere kasobanuwe; gupfuka gupfutse bituma habaho ugusubira inyuma. Ivyuma vyinshi vy’ubudandaji bisaba gutegura neza imirongo ya RF-ugushiraho kumwe aho amarembo abiri ku mirongo iri hafi yaremye uburyo bwo guhungabanya bwatumye 15% vy’amapakete atakazwa.

Ivy'ukuri-Isi yose

Mu mice y'uguhingura,3.000 vyavuguruwe mu minota 5biciye mu rembo rimwe ni ikintu gishoboka ubudasiba. Iherezo-ku-iherezo ry'uguteba kuva ku itegeko rya server kugira ngo ugaragaze ibikorwa vy'uguhezaAmasegonda 3-10bivanye n'umuzigo w'urubuga n'ibisabwa vyo gusubira kugerageza.

Ubumenyi buhambaye buva ku bumenyi bwo gukoresha: ku bimenyetso vy'ivugurura ry'ubudandaji aho amahinduka y'igiciro akwiragizwa ku bihumbi vy'ibimenyetso, ubushobozi bw'urubuga rw'urugero rwa sisitemu-bubuza igihe cose co guhindura aho gusubiramwo umuvuduko w'ikimenyetso c'umuntu ku giti ciwe. Gutuma umuntu wese asubiramwo neza munsi ya 500ms bitanga inyungu zigabanuka iyo gukwiragiza urubuga bisaba amasegonda.

Inguvu zikoreshwa n'ubuzima bwa bateri

Ikoreshwa ry’inguvu za EPD rishika hafi gusa mu gihe c’ibirori vyo gusubiramwo. Igikoresho co gutegerezwa ni gito cane-microamperes zagereranywa. Uyu murongo ushobozaimyaka myinshi -ubuzima bwa baterikuva ku nsoro z'ibiceri, kiguma ari kimwe mu vyiyumviro bikomeye cane vy'EPD-ishingiye kuri ESL.

Ivyo birya ububasha

Ibara rya pixelifise isano ry'umurongo-ibigaragaza binini bifata vyinshi bihuye.Uburebure bw'imvibirahambaye kubera ko GC16 y’urugero rwa 16 isaba imirongo y’imipfunda igoye kuruta uburyo bwa DU bubiri.Gusubiramwo uburyo bwo guhitamwoirafise ingaruka zikomeye; gusubirana kw’isi yose bifata 2-3× ububasha bw’ugusubirana kw’igice. Kandiubushuhebiragira ingaruka ku gukwega ubushobozi kubera ko ibidukikije bikanye bisaba imipfunda miremire.

Ubuzima bwa bateri mu bikorwa

KuberaCR2450 ibiceri vya litiyumun’ubushobozi bwa 600mAh, ibikorwa vyerekanwa ni ibi bikurikira:

Ivyo bigereranyo vyiyumvira ko ubushuhe bwo mu cumba bukora. Ibikorwa vy'ububiko bukonje-ibice vy'ifiriji n'ivy'ubukonje -bigira ukwihuta guhera kwa bateri bivuye ku nguvu zo gusubiramwo n'ubushobozi bwa bateri bugabanutse ku bushuhe buke. Ikete ry’imyaka 5 mu bushuhe bwo mu cumba ryoshobora kumara imyaka 2 mu gitereko c’ifiriji.

Igihe cose umuntu asubiye gusubiramwo, arya ubushobozi bwa bateri bufise aho bugarukira. Umukiriya umwe yashaka ko amatangazo y'ibiciro akora ubudasiba-amabateri yamara indwi zitatu. Abahinga mu vy’ubwubatsi bategerezwa gusobanura ibisabwa kugira ngo incuro zivugururwe imbere yo guhitamwo ibikoresho. Ikete risaba guhindurwa buri masaha rikeneye ubuhinga butandukanye bwa bateri kuruta iryo rivugururwa buri musi.

Ingaruka z'ubushuhe ku bikorwa

Ubushuhe buragira ico bukoze ku mikorere ya ESL biciye mu buryo bwinshi, bikaba bituma ariImpinduka y'ibidukikije ihambaye cane. Ivyo vyagaragajwe kenshi mu bikorwa vy’ubudandaji mu bibanza vy’ubudandaji bigenzurwa n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, mu bikoresho vy’amafiriji, mu bice vy’ibifungurwa bikonje, no mu bikorwa vyo hanze.

Uburemere bw'umunyuro

Ivyo bica bishika mu buhinga bumwe bumwe, ariko verisiyo ngufi: EPD solvent irakomera iyo ikanye. Ubucuti bukurikira nk’ahoUmugongo wa Arheniyo-ata kwinjira cane mu vy'ubushuhe, ikintu gihambaye ni uko ingaruka ari ivy'urugero, atari ivy'umurongo.

KuriDegre 25(ivyangombwa vy’ishingiro), ibice vyerekana ukugendagenda kw’izina. Kuri0 degre, uburemere bw’ibintu buragwira nk’incuro zibiri, bugabanura igice c’umuvuduko w’ibihimba. Kuri-Idegre 20, uburemere bw’amazi buraduga nk’incuro 4×, bikaba bisaba ko haba igihe c’imipfunda kigenda kirakura bihuye n’ivyo. Ivyo biharuro birabivuga neza, naho ibisubizo vy'isi vy'ukuri rimwe na rimwe bihinduka bivanye n'umuhinguzi wese akoresha.

Igerageza ry'ivyo umuhinguzi umwe avuga ko "ubushuhe bwagutse" mu gukoresha amapaneli yabo ku -15℃vyerekanye ko ibihe vyo gusubiramwo biva kuri 400ms gushika kuri 1100ms. Ivyo bipande vyarakora, ariko ivyo vyari vyerekanwa vyari vyerekanye ko vyokora neza cane mu gihe c’ubukonje.

Urutonde rw'Ibikorwa

Ibipande bisanzwegupfuka 0℃gushika kuri 40℃n’ibikorwa vy’intango.Urutonde rwagutse rw'ibipande-10℃gushika kuri 50℃n’ugusubiza inyuma kw’imirongo y’umuvuduko.Ubushuhe bwagutse-bikenewe ku bikoresho vy'ubukonje -bikora kuva kuri -25 degrees gushika kuri 60 degrees hakoreshejwe ibikoresho vy'imbere vy'indege vy'imbere, ugutahura ubushuhe, n'uguhitamwo uburyo bw'umuvuduko. VUGAfirizi -ibipande vy'icigwa-30℃gushika kuri 10℃zihari ariko zitegeka igiciro c’imbere.

Ubushuhe bwo gusubiza inyuma

Wide-temperature ESL ishiramwo ibimenyetso vy'ubushuhe biri ku -chip, ibipimo vyinshi vy'imirongo y'umuvuduko bibitswe mu bwenge, n'uguhitamwo ibipimo vy'ubushuhe bishingiye ku bushuhe bupimwe. Igihe c'imipfunda cagutse ku bikorwa vy'ubukonje no kugabanya uguhinduka kw'umuriro ku bikorwa vy'ubushuhe bwinshi-.

Igihano c'ibikorwa ku bikorwa vy'ubushuhe bwagutse-si -ivy'agaciro. Ingero zirerekana ibihe vyo gusubirana iyo ubushuhe burengeje urugeroKabiri gushika kuri gatatuivyumba-ubushuhe bukora. Abaguzi bakoresha mu bidukikije bifise amafirigo barakeneye gufata ivyo mu biharuro vyabo vy’igihe co guhindura.

Aho ibisabwa mu rurimi rwa ESL bitandukanye IGICE GISHASHA

Ivyerekeye "ESL y'ubudandaji" bishobora kumbure 60% vy'ibikorwa vy'ukuri-vy'isi. Ibindi 40% birimwo ibisabwa vyihariye biva gusa iyo umuntu asuzumye amasoko yihariye ahagaze. Ivyo bikora mw’iduka ry’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none birananirwa bitangaje mu bubiko bw’ibifungurwa vyakonje. Ivyiyumviro bikurikira vyerekana ubumenyi bwo gukoresha mu nganda aho ivyiyumviro vya ESL bimenyerewe bihungabana.

Ivyokurya bishasha n'ibicuruzwa: Ibiciro bihinduka bihuye n'ibintu bishobora kwonona

Igurisha ry’ibifungurwa bishasha rigereranya igisabwa ca ESL gisaba cane kubera imvo yoroshe: agaciro k’igicuruzwa karagabanuka ubudasiba igihe kigaragazwa. Inyama y’ingurube igura amadolari 15/lb ku wa mbere mu gitondo yoshobora kuba igura amadolari 7/lb ku wa gatatu ku mugoroba iyo itagurishijwe. Impapuro za kera ntizishobora gufata umurongo w'agaciro. ESL irashobora-ariko ibisabwa mu gushirwa mu ngiro bitandukanye cane n'ibiciro vy'ibifungurwa bisanzwe.

Igiciro gihindukabisaba guhindura incuro zishobora gukuraho amabateri ya ESL asanzwe mu mezi makeyi. Igisata c'ibifungurwa bishasha gikoresha ibiciro bine ku musi-ibifungurwa vyo mu gitondo, guhindura igiciro co ku mugoroba, gusubiramwo ibiciro ku mugoroba, gusubiramwo ijoro-bikoresha bateri ku rugero rwa 4× rw'ibara ry'iduka ryo hagati-rivugururwa rimwe mu ndwi. Ihitamwo ry’ubuhinga bwa bateri rihinduka riva ku nzira y’ibiceri vya CR2450 rija ku nzira z’ubushobozi bwinshi-lithium thionyl chloride canke amahitamwo yo gusubiramwo umuriro n’ibibanza vyo gusubiramwo umuriro vyubatswe mu bikoresho vyo ku ruhande.

Itariki y'iherezo y'igiheyongerako ibisabwa ku bijanye n’uburemere bw’amakuru. Igiciro coroshe gikeneye kumbure inyuguti 50. Igishushanyo c'ibifungurwa bishasha kigaragaza igiciro, igiciro c'ikintu, itariki y'ugupakira, kugurisha-ku itariki, no gukoresha-ku itariki gikeneye inyuguti 150+ ku ngano z'inyuguti zisomwa. Ivyerekana ivy'ubutunzi vyiyongera bivanye n'ivyo-2.9" na 4.2" ibimenyetso bica bihinduka ivy'agaciro aho 2.13" bihagije ku iduka ryo hagati.

Igisata kimwe c'ibifungurwa vyo mu kiyaga gishasha c'uruhererekane rw'ibifungurwa rwashizeho amabara 4.2" atatu-ESL n'ibara ryinjijwemwo NFC kugira ngo abakiriya bashobore gukoresha telefone ngendanwa. Ibara ry'umutuku ryerekana ibintu vyegereza kugurishwa-ku matariki n'igiciro c'ugutera imbere kwihuta: 15% ku masaha 48 asigaye,2000. amasaha Ubufatanye bw'inyuma bwasaba urutonde rw'igihe nyaco-. uburongozi bw'uburyo bwo guhuza-ibikorwa remezo vya ESL mu vy'ukuri vyacitse igice c'uburyo bwo kugabanya ububiko aho kuba igikoresho co gushinga ibiciro gusa. Igabanuka ry’ibice 23 kw’ijana mu gisata c’abapilote ryishyuye igikorwa cose mu mezi indwi.

Ibidukikije bikonjen’ugushiramwo ingorane z’ubushuhe twavuganye imbere y’aho. Ivyo gukonjesha amata bigenda kuri degre 4 bitera gusubirana buhoro buhoro. Inyama ziri ku 2℃ni mbi cane. Ivyokurya bikonjeshejwe ku -18℃bisaba amapaneli yihariye y’ubushuhe bwagutse agura 40-60% kuruta ama unités asanzwe. Umucuruzi umwe w’ibifungurwa bikonje mu ntango yashizeho amapaneli asanzwe mu gice cabo c’ibarafu; ivyo bimenyetso vyacitse ibidashobora gusomwa mu ndwi imwe nk’uko ghosting yarundanijwe kubera ukudasubirana guhagije ku bushuhe bwo gukora.

Ubushuhe bugenda burahinduka mu bikoresho vy’amafiriji buratuma habaho ibindi bigoranye. Uburyo bwo gukingira umuyaga butera ubushuhe buhinduka bwa degre 8-12 hagati y’urubibi rw’imbere (rushushe, hafi y’uguvanga kw’umuyaga) n’inyuma (rukanye, hafi y’umuyaga). Ivyandiko biri imbere y'igisandugu c'amata bishobora gukora ku degre 8 mu gihe ivyapa biri inyuma bikora kuri degre 2 -bitandukanye bihagije kugira ngo bisabe igihe c'umuvuduko gitandukanye. Gushiraho ibintu bikomeye bishira mu ngiro ugutahura ubushuhe ku kimenyetso n'imirongo ngenderwako y'umuntu ku giti ciwe.

Gukurikirana ububiko bwononekaraubufatanye bugereranya ubwihindurize bukurikira. Iyo ubuhinga bwa ESL buhuye mu buryo bubiri n’uburongozi bw’ibintu, ikimenyetso gica kiba ikintu co gutahura ibintu be n’ikintu co kwerekana. Ububiko-gutahura-kumenya igihe ikibanza c'etageri kiri ubusa bishingiye ku kubura igikorwa co kugurisha-bishoboza imburi z'ugusubiramwo. Igisata kimwe c’ibifungurwa caragabanyije ibibazo vy’ububiko n’ibice 34% hakoreshejwe ubuhinga bwo kugenzura ububiko buhurikiyemwo ESL-bwagaragaza ibibanza ata gikorwa co kugurisha amasaha arenga 4 mu bihe vy’isoko.

Ububiko n'Ivy'Inganda: Urugero Rurahindura Vyose

Ububiko bw’inganda ESL deployments zikora mu bibazo abahinga mu vy’ubwubatsi bw’ubudandaji badakunda guhura navyo. Iduka ry’ibifungurwa ryoshobora kuba rifise SKU 15.000 ku metero kare 40.000. Ikigo co gukwiragiza ibifungurwa gikoresha iyo nzira y’ibifungurwa gifise 50,000+ SKUs ku metero kare 500.000 n’uburebure bw’amafuti 40. Ivyo bigereranyo vy’ugukwiragiza RF bikora mu bidukikije vy’ubudandaji vy’amafuti 12-birananirwa burundu mu bubiko bufise ibikoresho vy’icuma bishika ku metero 35.

Ikimenyetso c'aho ibitoro biribisaba ivyerekanywe bitandukanye n’ibiciro vy’ubudandaji. Amakuru ahambaye si igiciro-ni kode y'ahantu, SKU, n'ingero. Ivyitegererezo vy’ububiko bwa ESL bigaragaza ibimenyetso vy’aho umuntu ari mu nyuguti 48-point canke nini kuruta zishobora gusomwa kuva ku metero 3+, bikaba bishoboza abakoresha amaforklift n’abakozi batoragura-pack kumenya aho umuntu ari ataco begereye igitereko. Ibisabwa ku bijanye n'ugutandukanya birakomera kubera ko kuraba bibera munsi y'umuco w'inganda uhinduka-imirongo imwe imwe iri munsi y'ibikoresho vy'ibarabara ry'imbere ku 1500+ lux, izindi mu gitutu ku 200 lux.

Hitamwo-ku-ubufatanye bw'umucoiragura ESL irenze kwerekana ataco ikora mu buyobozi bukora. Ivyerekana LED bifatanijwe n'impapuro zigaragaza umuco kugira ngo biyobore abakozi gutora ahantu. EPD yerekana ivyo umuntu yotora; LED yerekana aho wotora. Uburyo buhuriweko bugabanya amakosa yo gutora kuva kuri 0.5-1% gushika kuri 0.1% canke n'ibindi. Ingingo y'inguvu y'inguvu irahinduka-Ikimenyetso ca LED mu gihe c'ibikorwa vyo gutoragura ikoresha ingufu nyinshi kuruta e-impapuro zo gusubiramwo. Ivyumba vy’amabateri birahuza n’ivyo, akenshi bikaja ku bihimba vy’umubiri vyitwa AA litiyumu canke ku nguvu zikoreshwa n’amashanyarazi ku bibanza bikoreshwa cane.

Ibidukikije vy'ibarabara ry'ibarabarastress RF uburyo bwo guhanahana amakuru. Ivyuma bitera ingorane bituma habaho uguhungabana kw’inzira nyinshi. Inzira ndende zituma haba uturere tw’igitutu. Irembo rimwe ry’uburebure bwa metero 25 mu gucuruza ryoshobora gupfuka metero 8-10 gusa mu bidukikije vy’ububiko vyinshi. Ubwinshi bw’amarembo buraduga 3-4× ugereranyije n’ugushirwa mu bikorwa kw’ubudandaji kugira ngo haboneke uburebure bungana. Hariho ububiko bukoresha imihora y’imigwi-sub-1GHz kugira ngo umuntu yinjire mu bibanza vy’ibikoresho vyinshi, WiFi kugira ngo umuntu ashobore kwinjira mu bibanza vy’ibikoresho vyinshi, n’ubuhinga bwo hagati buhuza urugero rw’ivy’itumanaho.

Ibikoresho vy'ugukura -vyerekana bigendagendaigereranya ububiko bushasha buhinduka ESL. Aho gushiramwo ibimenyetso bihoraho, ibimenyetso bishirwa ku bitanda vy'ibinyabiziga kandi bikaronka amabwirizwa yo gutoragura mu gihe nyaco uko abakoresha bagendagenda mu bubiko. Ivyo bikoresho biguma bivugururwa-ahantu, ubwinshi, aho bizoshika-bisaba ubuhinga bw'ububasha butandukanye cane n'ibimenyetso vy'ibitanda. Inguvu zikomeye zivuye mu nzira y’umuyagankuba y’ivyuma vy’ivyuma ni izo mu rugero; gukoresha bateri ntibishoboka ku bikorwa bikomeza-kuvugurura.

Ibara ry'ububikon’uguhanahana amakuru mu nzira zibiri ESL. Ugushiramwo RFID bishoboza guharura inzinguzingu zikora-ibintu vyashizweko ikimenyetso c'uruzitiro rwa RFID hafi y'ibice vya ESL bifise abasomyi ba RFID, n'uguharura kw'ibiharuro vy'ububiko bihindurwa ata gucapura n'amaboko. Ishirahamwe ry’ugukwiragiza ryagabanyije igikorwa co guharura ibintu vy’umubiri ku rugero rwa 60% hakoreshejwe ubuhinga bwa ESL-integrated RFID cycle counting bwagumye bufise ukuri kw’ibintu vy’umubiri hejuru y’ibice 99%.

Ibidukikije bikomeyeikintu mu bikorwa vy’inganda. IP54 inkungugu n’ugutera amazi ni umushinge w’ububiko ESL; IP65 iba nkenerwa mu bidukikije bifise uburyo bwo gusukura. Ivy’uguhangana n’imiti birahambaye mu bibanza bikoreshwamwo ibikoresho vyo gusukura canke ibikoresho vyo gusukura. Ububiko bumwe bw’ibihimba vy’imodoka bwasaba ko haba ibimenyetso bishobora guhangana n’amazi y’amafirime n’amazi y’uguhindura imodoka-inzu zisanzwe za ESL zasenyutse mu mezi makeyi. Inzitiro zidasanzwe zifise inzu zidashobora guterwa n’imiti-zongeyeko 35% ku giciro c’ibintu ariko vyagaragaye ko ari ngirakamaro kugira ngo zibeho igihe kirekire.

Ubuvuzi n'imiti: Ugutahura nti-Bishobora gusubirwamwo

Ivy’ugushiraho imiti ESL bihura n’ibisabwa vy’amategeko bitaboneka mu bucuruzi busanzwe. Ikosa ryo gushinga igiciro mw’iduka ry’ibifungurwa risobanura ko abakiriya bidoga be n’uko bishobora gushikirwa n’amategeko hakurikijwe amategeko agenga ivy’ukuri kw’igiciro. Ikosa ryo kwandika imiti mu farumasi rishobora gutuma umurwayi agira ingorane canke agapfa. Ivyerekeye ingorane birahindura canecane ivyo guhingura ubuhinga bishira imbere.

Ikimenyetso c'ibiyayuramutwebisaba amakuru menshi arenga ESL isanzwe y’ubudandaji. Igitabu co ku ruhande rw’imiti kigomba kugaragaza: izina ry’umuti (ibara ry’umuti n’iry’umuti rusangi), inkomezi, uburyo bwo gufata imiti, inomero ya NDC, igiciro, igiciro c’umuti, uwuwukora, kandi kenshi bisabwa kugira ngo ubike. Gushiramwo ibi ku 2.13" bisaba kwandika neza-canke kenshi, gukoresha 2.9" canke ibigaragaza binini. Amafarumasi amwe amwe akoresha ibimenyetso vy'uburebure bwa 4.2" bifise amakode ya QR ahuza n'amakuru yuzuye y'ugutanga imiti.

Igenzura ry'ukuri rya barcodebica bihinduka uwunegura. Abakozi bo mu bitaro barapima imiti incuro nyinshi mu gihe co gutanga imiti-kwakira, gushiramwo, gukurura, kugenzura, gutanga. ESL-yerekanwa kode y'umurongo igomba gucapura neza ku ntambwe yose. Ivyo bikomeza ibisabwa mu bijanye n’ugutandukanya ibintu birenze ivyo gucuruza. Igerageza ry’ibikoresho vyose vyo gupima imiti ryerekana ko ibikoresho vya kera vyo gupima abahinga mu vy’imiti-bimwe bica bikoresha ubuhinga bwa CCD aho gukoresha ubuhinga bwa laser canke ibikoresho vyo gupima amashusho-bisaba 10:1 canke gutandukanya neza kuruta kugira ngo umuntu ashobore gusoma neza. Guhitamwo urutonde bitegerezwa kuba ari bibi cane-ibikoresho vyo gupima mu rufatiro rwashizweho.

Uturere tw'ibintu bigenzurwagushiramwo ibisabwa kugira ngo umuntu agire umutekano wo ku mubiri. Urutonde rwa II-V imiti isaba ububiko butekanye n’ugushiramwo amakuru. ESL mu bibanza vy’ibikoresho bigenzurwa bitegerezwa gukorana n’uburyo bwo kugenzura ukuntu umuntu ashobora kwinjira mu bitabo-vyerekana ibimenyetso vy’ukuntu umuntu ashobora kwinjira mu bibanza bibujijwe, kwandika ibimenyetso vyari bibonetse mu gihe c’ugufungura ibitabo vyose, bishobora gutuma igaragaza ridakora mu gihe umuntu agerageza kwinjira ata wemerewe. Ivuriro rimwe ry’ibitaro ryashize hamwe ESL n’uburyo bwabo bwo gucunga ibiyobyabwenge kugira ngo ryerekane igiharuro c’igihe nyaco-gihinduka uko imiti itangwa, bikaba bikuraho ugusubiza hamwe igiharuro c’amaboko.

Ububiko bw'imiti muri frigoifatanya ibisabwa mu bijanye n'ukuri kw'imiti n'ingorane z'ubushuhe bw'uruzitiro bukonje-. Incanco, insuline, n'ibindi binyabuzima bisaba kubikwa hagati ya degre 2-8 . Ivyuma vya ESL vy'ubushuhe bwagutse-ni ngombwa. Ibikorwa bimwe bimwe vyo kubika imiti mu ma farmasi bisaba kwandika ubushuhe hakoreshejwe ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none vyerekana ubushuhe buriho iruhande y’amakuru y’imiti-bitanga ukugenzura kw’amaso ko ububiko buguma mu buryo butegekanijwe ataco bisaba abakozi gusuzuma ibikoresho bitandukanye vyo kugenzura.

Ibikorwa vy'ibitaro vy'imitiyongerako ugusobanuka kure y’ubudandaji bw’imiti. Amagare y’imiti, ibikoresho vy’imiti vy’ubuhinga bwa none, be n’ibibanza vy’imiti bikoreshwa n’inyenyeri, kimwe cose kirafise ibisabwa bitandukanye mu rurimi rw’igifaransa. Cart-mounted ESL isaba inyubakwa ikomeye ishobora kurokoka gusubirwamwo gutwara; ibimenyetso bitegerezwa kuguma bisomwa munsi y’amatara y’amatara asanzwe mu bibanza vy’ibitaro. Ugushiramwo ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwikoresha bisaba amategeko y’itumanaho ahuye n’ubuhinga bwo gucunga ibikoresho-kenshi ni ubuhinga bw’abanyagihugu bufise ubushobozi buke bwo gukorana n’abandi.

Inyandiko zo kwubahiriza amategekobisaba inzira z’igenzura zitangwa n’ubuhinga bwa ESL bw’ubudandaji. Kwemererwa na Komisiyo y’Igihugu ku mafarmasi y’ibitaro bisaba ivyangombwa vyerekana ko imiti yandikwa neza. Uburyo bwo gucunga ESL butegerezwa kwandika buri guhindura ikimenyetso n’ikidodo c’igihe, uruhusha rw’ukoresha, n’ibisobanuro vy’ihinduka ry’ibirimwo. Itohoza ryakozwe n’ishirahamwe rimwe ry’ibitaro ryasuzumye canecane ubushobozi bwabo bwo gukora igenzura ry’ururimi rwa ESL; uwo mugenzuzi yasavye inyandiko z’uburyo bwo kugenzura ukuri kw’ibimenyetso mu mezi 12 aheze.

Ivyuma vy'ubuhinga bwa none n'agaciro kanini-ugucuruza: Igiciro nyaco-Igihe gihuye

Ivy'ubudandaji bw'ibikoresho vy'ubuhinga bwa none bikorera mw'isoko ry'igiciro-rigaragara aho abakiriya bahora basuzuma ibiciro vy'abapiganwa kuri telefone ngendanwa igihe bahagaze mw'iduka. Iciyumviro c'agaciro ka ESL kiva ku kuzigama kw'abakozi kija ku bushobozi bwo gusubiza abahiganwa-ubushobozi bwo guhura canke gutsinda ibiciro vy'abahiganwa mu gihe nyaco-aho kurindira ko dosiye y'ibiciro ihindurwa mw'ijoro.

Ubufatanye bwo kugenzura ibiciro bihiganwaihuza ubuhinga bwa ESL n’ibikorwa vy’ubuhinga bwo kumenya ibiciro biguma bikora ku mbuga z’abahiganwa. Iyo umuhiganwa akomeye agabanyije igiciro ciwe kuri telefone ngendanwa, igikorwa co kumenya ibiciro kiramenya ihinduka mu minota mikeyi, moteri y’ibiciro isuzuma amategeko agenga ivy’igiciro, maze ibiciro bishasha bikakwiragizwa ku bimenyetso vy’ibitabo mu gihe c’idirisha ry’uguteba kw’urubuga ry’amasegonda 3-10. Imwe mu bacuruzi b’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none yagabanyije ibiciro-ivy’ugusohoka kw’abantu n’ibice 18% inyuma yo gushiramwo uguhuza ibiciro mu gihe nyaco biciye ku bikorwa remezo vyabo vya ESL.

Iyerekanwa ry'amakuru y'igicuruzwan’ugugura ibintu vy’agaciro kanini bimenyerewe mu bijanye n’ugucuruza ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none. Umukiriya agura laptop y'amadolari 1.500 ashaka ibisobanuro-processeur, ububiko, ububiko, ubushobozi bwo kugaragaza, ubuzima bwa bateri. ESL nini (7.5" n'iyirengeye) irashoboza kwerekana ibisobanuro vyari bisabwa mbere amakarata y'ibisobanuro acapwe. Abacuruzi bamwebamwe b'ibikoresho vy'ubuhinga bwa none bashiraho ibikoresho bihuriweko n'impapuro z'ibiciro n'ibisobanuro iruhande y'ibimenyetso bitobito vya LCD vy'ibirimwo amasanamu yo kwamamaza-bakoresheje ubuhinga bumwe bumwe.

Ibikoresho bifatanye n'iyerekanwaikoresha ESL kugira ngo ivyure ugurisha kw’ibifatanya. Iyerekanwa ryerekana "bikorana na:" amakuru ahuza ibicuruzwa vya mbere n'ibikoresho bihuye-ibikoresho vy'amatelefone, intsinga z'amaboko, imikino y'amakonsole. Igiciro c’ibikoresho bishobora gutanga ibiciro vy’ibikoresho vyerekanywe ku ESL y’ibikoresho igihe igicuruzwa ca mbere ESL yerekana ingero z’ibintu bikeneye kwimuka.

Ubufatanye bwo kurwanya-ubusumabihinduka bikenewe ku bicuruzwa vy'agaciro kanini-. Uburyo bwa ESL burashobora gukorana n’ugukurikirana ingingo z’ubuhinga bwa none (EAS) n’ugukurikirana ivy’urutonde bishingiye kuri RFID-. Iyo ikimenyetso ca EAS gikuweho ata guhagarika neza, ESL ijana na co irashobora kwerekana imburi canke igahindura ukuntu igaragara. Ibikoresho bikomeye cane bihindura ibara ry'ububiko mu gihe nyaco-uko ibicuruzwa bikurwa mu bikoresho vy'umutekano, bikaba bishoboka ko ububiko bushobora guhita bumenyekana.

Igiciro c'ubuzima bw'igicuruzwaku bikoresho vy'ubuhinga bwa none bikurikira uburyo bushobora gutegekanirwa-ugutanguza igiciro c'imbere, igiciro co hagati -igiciro c'ubuzima, gukuraho iherezo-y'-igiciro c'ubuzima. ESL ishoboza amategeko y’ibiciro vy’ubuzima yikoresha ahindura amafaranga ashingiye ku myaka y’ibicuruzwa, ingero z’ububiko, n’ingene ibicuruzwa bizotangura gutangura. Iyo iPhone nshasha itanguye, ESL y’uruvyaro rwa kera ihita ihindura n’igiciro c’ugukuraho hakurikijwe amategeko y’ibarabara yasobanuwe imbere y’igihe, ata n’umwe yinjiramwo n’amaboko.

Uburongozi bw'igice c'iyerekanwamu bijanye n’ubudandaji bw’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none ikoresha amajambo y’ururimi rwa ESL yagenewe gukoresha ibikoresho vyo kwerekana ibintu. Ivyo bice akenshi bifatanya n’ibikoresho vy’umutekano, uburyo bwo gucunga amashanyarazi, n’ibibanza bikorana. Iyerekanwa rishobora kwerekana igiciro iyo ataco rikora maze rigahindukira ku bigaragara igihe abakiriya bakorana n'igicuruzwa c'iyerekanwa. Hariho ibikorwa bikoresha ibimenyetso vy’aho umuntu ari hafi kugira ngo bimenye ko abakiriya bariho maze bihindure ibintu vyerekanywe bihuye n’ivyo.

Ibice vy'inganda na MRO: Ingorane z'ububiko bw'umurizo muremure

Abagurisha ivy’ugusanasana, gusanasana n’ugukoresha (MRO) n’abagurisha ibihimba vy’inganda baracungera imiterere y’ibintu bitandukanye cane n’ugucuruza kw’abaguzi. Umucuruzi wa MRO asanzwe atwara 100,000+ SKUs n’umurizo muremure-ugutanga-20% vy’ama SKU bitanga 80% vy’amahera yinjira mu gihe 80% vy’ama SKU vyicaye ata kwinyiganza guke. Uburyo bwa kera bwo gushirako ibimenyetso burananirwa mu vy’ubutunzi iyo igiciro co gucungera ibimenyetso kirenze igiciro c’ibintu bigenda buhoro.

Ubutunzi buhambaye -SKU-guhindura ESL ROI imibare. Mu bijanye n’ubudandaji bw’ibifungurwa, inyungu ya ESL iza ahanini mu kuzigama kw’abakozi ku mpinduka z’ibiciro. Mu gutanga MRO, inyungu iva ku gutuma ibintu bigenda neza no kugabanya ubusazi ku bikoresho bigenda buhoro-. Umucuruzi w’ibikoresho vy’ugufatanya yagabanyije kwandika-ivy’ububiko n’ibice 31% inyuma yo gukoresha ubuhinga bwo gukurikirana ububiko bwa ESL-bushingiye ku buhinga bwagaragaje ko ibicuruzwa bigenda buhoro-kugira ngo bishirweko ibiciro vy’uguteza imbere imbere y’uko bihera.

Ibisobanuro vy'ubuhinga vyerekanaibisabwa bisa n’ivy’imiti kuruta ivy’ibiribwa. Ibice vy’inganda bisaba kwerekana ibipimo vy’ingero, ingero z’ibikoresho, ivyemezo, n’amakuru yerekeye ukuntu bihuye. ESL y’umucuruzi w’ibikoresho yerekana: inomero y’igice, uwuyikora, umurongo w’ibarabara, umurongo w’inyuma, ubwaguke, umuvuduko, umuzigo, n’ibisobanuro bibereye (ISO, ABEC, n’ibindi). Ibisabwa ku bijanye n’uburemere bw’amakuru bituma habaho ibimenyetso binini cane be n’uguhingura neza inyandiko.

Uburyo bwo gushiramwo ibikoreshomu gutanga ibice akenshi bakoresha imigambi yo gushiramwo amakode y’ahantu yateguwe mu myaka mirongo y’ibikorwa. Ugushiramwo ESL bitegerezwa kwakira imiterere y’ahantu y’iragi mu gihe bishobora gutuma umuntu yimuka aja ku gushiramwo amakode y’ahantu agezweho. Uburongozi bw'amahinduka buraba ikintu gihambaye nk'uko ugushirwa mu ngiro kw'ubuhinga-abakozi bo mu bubiko bamenyereye amakode y'ahantu bakoresheje imyaka 20 barwanya amahinduka y'imiterere ataco bafatiye ku bushobozi bwa sisitemu.

Umukiriya-arabana n'ibibanzaku biharuro vy’ibice vyungukira ku gukorana n’ururimi rwa ESL. Iyo umukiriya asavye igice, abakozi bo ku kibanza c’ibarabara barabaza iyo sisitemu, maze ibimenyetso vya ESL biri aho ububiko bica bikayangana canke bikagaragaza amabwirizwa yo gutora. Bamwe mu bacuruzi b'ibice barashize mu ngiro "kuzana ku giciro" aho ibimenyetso vya ESL ku bibanza vy'ibikoresho vyerekana amabwirizwa yo gutora n'amazina y'abakozi bo ku giciro, bikaba bishoboza gukorana n'abaguzi kenshi icarimwe n'ikimenyetso gitomoye c'ugutora.

Ibikorwa vyo gukoranya no gukoranyakoresha ESL kugira ngo uyobore uguhitamwo ibice vy'amakoraniro y'ibice vyinshi-. Igikoresho c'amazi gishobora kubamwo ipompo, moteri, amavalve, ibikoresho, umuyoboro, n'amazi-imwe yose ibitswe mu bibanza bitandukanye vy'ububiko. Ivyerekana ESL ahantu hose vyerekana urutonde rw’ibikoresho, ubwinshi bikenewe, n’ingene vyarangiye. Ugushiramwo n’inyandiko z’ikoraniro vyerekana amabwirizwa y’akazi iruhande y’ukumenya ibice.

Umucuruzi-ububiko bucungiwe (VMI)porogarama zikoresha ESL mu gusangira ukuboneka. Igihe abaguzi bacungera ingero z’ibintu biri mu bibanza vy’abaguzi, ESL irashobora kwerekana uko ibintu vyuzuzwa, amatariki yoherezwa, n’ukuntu ibintu biriho. Ukwo guseruka gushigikira gusa-in-igihe porogarama zo gukora zisaba ko ibice vyizigirwa biboneka ata gushiramwo amahera menshi.

ESL vs. Ubundi buhinga bwo kwerekana UMUGAMBI MUSHASHA

Guhitamwo ESL si uguhitamwo gusa urupapuro rwiza e-. Ni ukuhitamwo ubuhinga bwo kwerekana bubereye ku bijanye n’ikoreshwa.E-urupapuroguhiganwa naIbigaragara ku etageri ya LCD, ibice vyerekana, n'ibimenyetso vy'impapuro za kera-imwe yose ifise ibiranga ibikorwa bitandukanye, imiterere y'ibiciro, n'ibibanza vyiza vyo gukoresha. Isesengura rikurikira ritanga umushinge w’ubuhinga wo gufata ingingo zo guhitamwo ubuhinga.

E-Impapuro (EPD) Ivyanditswe ku bitabo vy'ubuhinga bwa none

Ingingo ngenderwako: Ukwimuka kw’ibice vy’umuyagankuba mu guhagarara kw’imigera y’umuyagankuba munsi y’umuyagankuba ukoreshwa. Bistable-ibungabunga ishusho ata nguvu.

Inkomezi: Zero power consumption iyo static (bistability y'ukuri), umuco mwiza cane wo gusoma, imfuruka zagutse zo kubona (170℃+), urupapuro-rusa n'urwo rufatanya mu buryo busanzwe n'ibidukikije vy'ubudandaji, ubuzima bw'imyaka myinshi{{3}b bwa bateri buva ku bice vy'ibiceri, umuco w'izuba ushobora gusomwa cane ku bikorwa vyo hanze{iburyo}canke.

Ivyo bigarukira: Gusubiramwo buhoro buhoro (300-2000ms ku guhindura bushitse), ubushobozi bw’amabara buke (amabara 1-4 ku bikoresho vy’ubudandaji, amabara yuzuye asohoka), ibintu vy’ibinyoma bisaba gusubiramwo bushitse mu bihe bitandukanye, ugusenyuka kw’ubushobozi bw’ubushuhe bukonje, igiciro c’intango c’ibintu vyinshi kuruta ubundi buryo bwa LCD.

Ubuhinga bw'igiciro: Ivyerekana ibice $3-15 bivanye n’ubunini n’ubushobozi bw’ibara; ibikoresho vya ESL vyuzuye bifise umugenzuzi, ivy’itumanaho, inzu, n’amabateri $8-40; ibikorwa remezo (amarembo, porogaramu yo gucunga) yongerako amadolari 0.50-2 ku kimenyetso ku bikorwa bisanzwe.

Ibikorwa vyiza: Igiciro-kishingiye ku gucuruza n'uguhindura bidasanzwe (ibifungurwa, ibicuruzwa rusangi, imiti), hanze canke ibidukikije vy'umuco mwinshi-ibidukikije-, gukoresha bishira imbere ubuzima buramba bwa bateri kurusha umuvuduko wo guhindura, ibikorwa bisaba impapuro{3}}nk'ubwiza.

Ivyerekanywe ku etageri ya LCD

Ingingo ngenderwako: Uguhindura umuco w’amazi n’umuco w’inyuma w’amatara y’umuco. Bisaba ububasha buhoraho kugira ngo umuco w’inyuma uboneke; yerekana igihugu ntikibungabungwa ata nguvu.

Inkomezi: Gusubiramwo vuba (60Hz standard, bibereye amasanamu), ubushobozi bw’amabara yuzuye n’amabara amamiliyoni, umuco mwinshi kugira ngo umuntu yitwararike-ugutera imbere, ubushobozi bwo kwerekana amasanamu n’ibinyabuzima, ubuhinga bukomeye bufise ibidukikije vyinshi vy’abaguzi.

Ivyo bigarukira: Gukoresha ubushobozi buhoraho (3-15W ku bimenyetso bisanzwe vyo ku ruhande rw’amashelufu), umuco mubi wo mu bidukikije (ukugaragara mu bidukikije vy’ubudandaji bikeye), imipaka y’imfuruka yo kuraba (±60℃isanzwe imbere y’uko ibara rihinduka), ukunanirwa kw’umuco w’inyuma ni uburyo busanzwe bwo kunanirwa infrastructure, bisaba ubushobozi bw’amashanyarazi.

Ubuhinga bw'igiciro: Ivyerekana ibice $15-50 bivanye n’ubunini; ivyerekanwa vy’uruja n’uruza vyuzuye amadolari 50-200; igiciro co gushiramwo kenshi kirenze igiciro c’ibikoresho kubera ibisabwa vy’ibikorwa remezo vy’amashanyarazi.

Ibikorwa vyiza: Ivyuma vy’iherezo vy’imenyekanisha aho amasanamu akwegera abantu, amasanamu-ashobora kwamamaza, igihe-amasekeza y’imenyekanisha afise aho agarukira, ibidukikije bifise urumuri rugenzurwa (imbere mu masoko, amaduka yo ku kibuga c’indege), ibikorwa aho ibikorwa remezo vy’amashanyarazi bimaze kubaho.

Igice ca LCD kigaragaza

Ingingo ngenderwako: Ibice vyoroshe vy’amazi (nk’ibimenyetso vy’ibarabara) bitwarwa n’abashoferi b’ibice bihariye. Inguvu nke cane ariko zigarukira ku nyuguti zasobanuwe mbere-.

Inkomezi: Igiciro gito cane ($0.50-2 ku kigaragaza), ikoresha ubushobozi buke cane (microamps ku kigaragaza kidahinduka), ubushuhe bwinshi, ubuhinga bwo gutwara bworoshe, ukwizigirwa kwagaragaye mu myaka mirongo ikoreshwa.

Ivyo bigarukira: Ivyitegererezo vy’ibice bihoraho bigabanya ibirimwo vyerekanywe (mu bisanzwe imibare n’inyuguti zike gusa), nta bushobozi bw’ibishushanyo, amahitamwo y’ubunini buke, ukuntu bisa n’itariki y’ubwiza, ikimenyetso cose gisaba igitegererezo c’ibice vyihariye.

Ubuhinga bw'igiciro: Erekana ibice biri munsi ya $1 mu bwinshi; igiciro cuzuye c’ibice vy’iyerekanwa $2-5; amafaranga makeyi y’ibikorwa remezo.

Ibikorwa vyiza: Igaragaza igiciro c'imibare aho uguhinduranya ibirimwo bidakenewe, gukoresha igiciro gikomeye-, ibikorwa vyinshi -bishira imbere ubutunzi bw'ibice ku bushobozi, gukoresha ibidukikije bikomeye aho ubuhinga bwa none buteye imbere butera ingorane zo kwizigirwa.

Ivyandiko vy'impapuro (Igitabo)

Ingingo ngenderwako: Ivyandiko vy’impapuro bicapwe vyinjijwe mu bikoresho vy’ipulasitike canke bifatanye ata guca ku ruhande ku nkengera z’ibitanda. Ivuguruwe n’amaboko n’abakozi bo mu maduka.

Inkomezi: Igiciro gitoyi c’ubuhinga (mu vy’ukuri zero ku bikoresho vy’iyerekanwa), uguhinduranya ibishushanyo bitagira aho bigarukira, nta bikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none bishobora kunanirwa, nta bisabwa vy’ibikorwa remezo, uburyo bwo gukora bumenyerewe ku bakozi b’ubudandaji.

Ivyo bigarukira: Ubuhinga-bukora cane (amasegonda 15-30 ku kimenyetso ku bakozi bazi utuntu n’utundi), amakosa menshi (ibibazo vy’ukuri vy’igiciro bigereranywa 5-15% mu bucuruzi busanzwe), ibikoresho n’ibiciro vy’ibikoresho vyo gucapura, ubushobozi buke bwo gukora amahinduka y’igiciro vyihuse, ibidukikije.

Ubuhinga bw'igiciro: Abafise amabara $0.10-0.50 umwe wese; impapuro zivuga $0.01-0.05 kuri imwe yose; igiciro c’abakozi n’ibikoresho biguma bikoreshwa mu bisanzwe birenze igiciro c’ubuzima bwa ESL mu myaka 2-4 ku bikorwa vy’ugusubiramwo incuro nyinshi.

Ibikorwa vyiza: Ibikorwa vy'ubudandaji bito cane aho igiciro c'abakozi kidahambaye (amaduka akoreshwa na nyir'uwo -), ibidukikije bikoreshwa incuro nke cane, ubudandaji bw'igihe gito canke buza aho ishoramari ry'ibikorwa remezo ridafise ishingiro, ibikorwa bisaba uburyo budasanzwe bw'umubiri butaboneka mu mahitamwo y'ubuhinga bwa none.

Inzego zo guhitamwo ikoranabuhanga

Ivyagezwe vyo guhitamwo ubuhinga bwo kwerekana birimwo ibintu vyinshi bitegerezwa gupimwa n’ivyo gukoresha:

Gusubiramwo incurobiragira ico bikoze cane ku guhitamwo ubuhinga. Ibisabwa bifise ivyahinduwe bitari munsi y’indwi ku yindi ntibikunda gutuma habaho ishoramari rya ESL; ibimenyetso vy’impapuro biguma ari vyiza. Ibisabwa bifise ivyahindurwa buri musi bishika ku ESL breakeven mu myaka 2-3. Ibikoresho bifise ivyagezwe vyinshi ku musi birashigikira cane ubutunzi bwa ESL.

Ibirimwo bigoranyebiragira ico bikoze ku mahitamwo y’ubuhinga. Igiciro c’imibare gisukuye gishobora gukoresha igice ca LCD ku giciro gitoyi. Ibiciro hamwe n'ivyanditswe bike (amazina y'ibicuruzwa, igiciro c'ibice) bihuye n'impapuro za ESL. Ibintu vy’agaciro vy’ibishushanyo canke amasanamu bisaba LCD naho nyene amashanyarazi atwara amahera menshi.

Ivyerekeye ibidukikijeguhagarika amahitamwo. Umuco mwinshi wo mu bidukikije (hanze, amadirisho, umuco w'ubudandaji ukayangane) urakunda e-impapuro zigaragaza. Ibidukikije vy’umuco bigenzurwa birashobora gukoresha neza LCD. Ubushuhe bukaze (bwo mu firigo, hanze) busaba ibiharuro vy’ibipande bikwiye ataco bihinduye ku mahitamwo y’ubuhinga.

Ububoneka bw'ibikorwa remezo vy'amashanyaraziakenshi ni vyo bigena ko bishoboka. Ibibanza bitagira amashanyarazi canke aho amashanyarazi yo gukoresha yoba azimvye cane bisaba ko ESL ikoreshwa na bateri-ikoreshwa. Ibibanza bifise ibikorwa remezo vy'amashanyarazi bimaze kubaho (hejuru ya-imirongo y'amatara) birashobora kwihweza amahitamwo ya LCD.

Igiciro cose c'isesengura ry'ubunywanyiukwiye kwihweza:

Ivyo biharuro biratandukanye cane bivanye n’igiciro c’abakozi bo mu karere, incuro zivugururwa, n’urugero rw’ugushirwaho. Ivyo biharuro bikunda ESL ku bijanye n’incuro zivugururwa zirenga 1-2 incuro ku ndwi mu masoko y’akazi y’ubutunzi buteye imbere.

Ingamba zo gukoresha

Abacuruzi bake ni bo bakoresha ubuhinga bumwe bwo kwerekana mu bikorwa vyose. Ingamba zihuye n'ubuhinga n'ibisabwa mu gukoresha mu bidukikije bimwe vy'ubudandaji:

E-impapuro z'igiciro, LCD y'uguteza imbereikoresha ESL ku bijanye n’ibiciro bisanzwe mu iduka ryose mu gihe ishiraho amashusho ya LCD ku bipfukisho vy’iherezo, ahantu umuntu ashobora gusohora, no ku bibanza vy’ugutangaza aho ubushobozi bwa videwo n’umuco mwinshi bikwegera abaguzi. Ubu buryo bufata inyungu z’ubushobozi bwa ESL ku bimenyetso vyinshi mu gihe buzigama uguhinduranya uguteza imbere aho bihambaye cane.

Igice ca LCD kugiciro, e-urupapuro ku makuruikoresha ibimenyetso vy'ibice bitazimvye ku giciro c'imibare mu gihe ikoresha ibimenyetso vy'impapuro nini e-ku makuru y'ibicuruzwa aho uburemere bw'ibirimwo bushingira intahe igiciro c'imbere. Ubu buryo buragabanya igiciro c'ibimenyetso vy'ishimikiro vy'uburemere bwinshi-mu gihe bushoboza kwerekana amakuru menshi aho agaciro k'abaguzi gatuma habaho ishoramari.

Ubushuhe-akarere k'ubuhinga buhuyeikoresha ESL isanzwe mu bibanza vy'ubudandaji mu gihe ikoresha ubushuhe butandukanye mu bice vy'amafiriji kandi ishobora guhitamwo ibice bikomeye vyerekana mu bice vy'amafiriji aho mbere n'ubushuhe bwagutse-e-ubushobozi bw'impapuro buba buke. Guhitamwo ubuhinga bikurikije ibisabwa n’ibidukikije aho gukoresha ibintu bimwe bimwe.

Urugero-ibikorwa remezo bikwiyeishobora gukoresha ESL n'ibikorwa remezo vy'uruja n'uruza mu maduka manini-mu gihe ikoresha ibimenyetso vy'ibice vyihariye canke mbere n'ibimenyetso vy'impapuro mu maduka mato aho ishoramari ry'ibikorwa remezo ridashobora gutera imbere mu vy'ubutunzi. Guhitamwo ubuhinga bifata urugero rwo gukoresha iruhande y'ibisabwa vy'ubuhinga.

Ubuhinga bushasha

Ubushakashatsi bwa EPD bwihuta -

Ivyerekanwa vyakozwe muri laboratwari vyashitse ku75Hz gusubiramwo ibiciroku e-ibipande vy'impapuro-vyegera akarere ka LCD. Ivyo bimenyetso vyerekanywe mu nama z’inganda biratangaje vy’ukuri, ariko ugushiraho ivy’uguhingura biracari kure.

Ubuhinga nyamukuru bushoboza harimwo .Ivyongeweko vy'amaziiyo dope electrophoretic fluid n’ibintu bitera ingaruka z’ugusubira inyuma. Impapuro z’ubushakashatsi zivuga ko umuvuduko wo gutera imbere 2.8× mu gihe nyene ugabanya umuriro wo gutwara imodoka ku bice 50%.Igipande c'imbere c'indege -kugabanya urugendo rw’ukwimuka kw’ibice.Ivyiyumviro bishasha vy'utugingo ngengabuzimagutuma ibiranga umuriro wo ku ruhande bigenda neza no kugabanya umurongo w’amazi. Kandikwiga kw'imashini-guhingura uburyo bw'umuvudukoihindura mu gihe nyaco-kugaragaza ivy'igihugu n'ibidukikije.

Izo tekinoloji ziguma ziriko zirategurwa. Gusobanura ibintu vy’ubuhinga bwa ESL bishingiye ku bivuye muri laboratwari si vyiza.

Ibara E-Iterambere ry'impapuro

E Ingoro y'Irangi 3ubuhinga bwerekana aho EPD y’ibara iriko iraja. Igisubizo c'umwirabura/umweru caragabanutse kugera kuri 100.000.350ms, bivuye kuri 2000ms mu mayaruka ya kera. Uburyo bw'ibara bwihuta500ms. Uburyo bw'ibara busanzwe burakora750-1000ms. Uburyo bwiza bw'ibara buracari bukenewe1500ms.

Ibara EPD ririko rihinduka kuva ku "bikoreshwa bike" gushika ku "bishoboka" ku bikorwa vyatowe. Nimwitege ko muzobandanya gutera imbere, ariko monochrome izoguma ifise inyungu z’umuvuduko n’ububasha ibihe bidahera kubera itandukaniro ry’ishimikiro ry’ubuhinga bwa fizike y’ibice.

Ibisobanuro vy'imikorere y'imiterere ya sisitemu

Ibisobanuro bishoboka

Ku bimenyetso rusangi vy'ubudandaji, iyi mibare igereranya hasi:

Igihe co gusubiramwonshobora gutera 2000ms canke vyiza ku buryo bw’isi yose, 500ms canke vyiza ku buryo bw’igice.Igipimo c'ubudasabikeneye kurenga 8:1.Ingingon’imiburiburi bikwiye gushika ku 100 DPI.Imfuruka yo kurababitegerezwa kuba bifise uburebure bwa degre 170 canke birenze.Ubushuhe bwo gukoreshabikwiye gupfuka degre 0 gushika kuri degre 40 .Ubuzima bwa bateribikwiye kurenga imyaka 5 ku 2 updates ku musi.

Ibisobanuro vyiza

Ku bisaba ibikorwa-bisubirwamwo kenshi, ububiko bukonje, ibirimwo vyo kwamamaza-ibisobanuro bikomeye:

Igihe co gusubiramwon’ugutera 1000ms ku bijanye n’isi yose, 300ms ku bijanye n’igice.Igipimo c'ubudasabikwiye kurenga 12:1.Ingingovyoshika kuri 120 DPI canke birenze.Ubushobozi bw'ibara(3-4 ibara) rica rigira akamaro.Ubushuhe bwo gukoreshabikwiye kuva kuri degre -25 gushika kuri degre 50 .Ubuzima bwa bateribikwiye kurenga imyaka 3 ku 4 updates ku musi.

Kwemeza ibisobanuro

Ivyerekeye umucuruzi bikwiye gusuzumwa mu buryo bubereye. Ivyo si uguhitamwo-ibihengeri bikomeye hagati y'ibirego vy'urupapuro rw'amakuru n'ibikorwa vy'uguhingura vyabonetse.

Igihe co gusubiramwo igihe co kugerageza ku bushuhe bukeyi n’uburengeye, atari ubushuhe bwo mu cumba gusa. Wemeze ubudasa mu bihe vy'umuco w'iduka, atari umuco wo muri laboratwari. Kwemeza ubuzima bwa bateri n'incuro zivugururwa n'ubwoko bw'ibirimwo-ibitekerezo vy'abaguzi bifata nk'ivyiza -ibintu. Genzura sisitemu-urugero rw'ivugurura ry'igihe n'ibara ry'ibara ry'intumbero kugira ngo umenye neza ko ubuhinga bw'ubwubatsi bw'urubuga bubereye.

Guhuza ikoranabuhanga n'ibikorwa

Guhitamwo ubuhinga bwa elegitoronike buva ku guhuza ubushobozi n'ibisabwa. Fizike y’ibimenyetso vy’amashanyarazi ishiraho imbibe zikomeye-ibiharuro vy’ugusubiramwo, ubushuhe, inyifato y’ibinyoma-ko ata n’umwe yotuma ibintu bigenda neza azorenga. Gutahura iyo mipaka biratuma habaho uguhingura uburyo bubereye no guhitamwo ubuhinga bukwiye.

Ku bikorwa aho inzitizi zihuye n'ikoreshwa-incuro zivugururwa ziringaniye, ubushuhe bwo mu karere, igiciro-ibirimwo vyibanze-ESL itanga agaciro gakomeye biciye mu gukuraho abakozi, gutuma igiciro kigenda neza, no guhinduranya ibikorwa. Ku bikorwa bisunika ku bijanye n'imipaka ya ESL-ugusubiramwo incuro nyinshi-, ubushuhe bukaze, ibirimwo ivy'ubutunzi -ubuhinga bundi canke uburyo buvanze bushobora kwemeza ko ari bwiza cane.

Ivyo bikoresho birabandanya gutera imbere. Igitigiri co gusubiramwo kiratera imbere uko kigenda kiratera imbere. Ubushobozi bw’amabara buragwira. Ubushuhe buragwira. Ariko fizike y’ishimikiro iracariho. Kugira ngo ESL ishobore gukoreshwa neza bisaba gukora muri izo nzitizi, ntiwigire nk’aho zitariho.